Tutorial 7 — Continuous Synthesis through an analytic tunnel (`cosmo-cylinder`)¶

Goal: synthesize a nascent chain residue by residue with codon-resolved kinetics, confining it with an analytic cylindrical tunnel instead of explicit ribosome beads. This is the tunnel-geometry half of the Continuous Synthesis Protocol ported to COSMO’s IDP force field (cosmo.csp, mirroring topo.csp). Its sibling — the same protocol on an explicit coarse-grained ribosome — is Tutorial 8.

Unlike topo’s structure-based csp (native contacts, STRIDE, rigid AllBonds), COSMO’s port is sequence-based: no STRIDE, no domain.yaml, no native-contact map — the nascent chain is a transferable HPS/mpipi IDP that grows N→C at the peptidyl-transferase center (PTC) and extrudes down the analytic bore.

This is a proof of concept. The settings here check that the machinery builds, times, runs and writes outputs end to end in seconds on CPU. They are deliberately tiny (short L range, clamped max_steps_per_stage) and are not a physical/scientific validation.

Prerequisites: the coarse-grained workflow of Tutorial 1 and the force fields of Tutorial 2. This tutorial confines the nascent chain with an analytic cylindrical bore (no explicit ribosome beads) — the ribosome-free confinement path of cosmo.csp.

Nascent chain: α-synuclein (asyn.pdb, 140 residues, from Tutorial 1).

The model¶

No ribosome beads. An analytic cylindrical bore of radius tunnel_radius through an otherwise infinite wall (a “hole in a wall”) supplies the radial confinement; the chain extrudes along +x. Because the wall is a smooth potential rather than discrete beads, it is fast and never jams. Each residue is grown, seeded from the previous length, restrained at the new C-terminus, minimized, and run for one MD segment whose length is set by the codon’s translation time.

Files¶

File	Role
`asyn.pdb`	Full-length nascent protein (only the first `L` residues exist at each length).
`mrna.txt`	Demo mRNA (140 cycled sense codons + `UAA` stop) — times each residue.
`cylinder.ini`	Analytic-tunnel config (`model = hps_kr`, per-codon mRNA + the E. coli 310 K table from `assets/csp/codon_dwell_times/`, then an `ejection` free run).

Run it¶

cd tutorials/07_csp_cylinder

cosmo-cylinder -f cylinder.ini                  # -> synth_out_cyl/L_<L>/
#   or as a module:  python -m cosmo.csp.cylinder -f cylinder.ini

The config defaults to device = CPU so it runs anywhere; switch to device = GPU for a real run. Kinetics are per-codon: mrna.txt gives the codon sequence and codon_times points at the E. coli 310 K translation-time table under assets/csp/codon_dwell_times/. max_steps_per_stage clamps each residue’s dwell (otherwise ~10⁶ steps) down to a traceable test size — raise it, extend L_max, and switch to GPU for production.

Stitch a movie¶

Draw the analytic exit tunnel into the movie by passing the same cylinder.ini, then open it in VMD from inside the run folder (movie.tcl loads movie.{psf,dcd} by basename, so it only resolves from there):

cosmo-csp-movie -o synth_out_cyl --tunnel cylinder.ini      # or: python -m cosmo.csp.movie -o synth_out_cyl --tunnel cylinder.ini
cd synth_out_cyl && vmd -e movie.tcl

Writes a fixed-width VMD-playable movie (movie.dcd / movie.psf / movie.tcl) that plays the growing chain threading the (blue) bore, past the red PTC cap and the grey exit wall. Omit --tunnel for a plain movie with no tunnel. For the full movie reference (both synthesis models, all options), see Visualizing the synthesis process.

What it produces¶

synth_out_cyl/L_005/ … L_010/ — one folder per chain length, each with the MD trajectory and the nascent structure at that length.
synth_out_cyl/ejection/ — the post-synthesis free run: the C-terminus restraint is dropped (ejection_steps) so the finished chain diffuses out of the bore. Set to 0 to skip.
synth_out_cyl/dwell_times.dat — per-residue codon + dwell-time table; the per-codon variation is visible here (e.g. AUU ≈ 2 ms vs. CGU ≈ 72 ms).

Generated synth_out_*/ directories are git-ignored (bulky trajectories/checkpoints). Delete them and re-run to reproduce.

Where this sits in the series¶

Tutorials 7–10 explored how to confine the nascent chain. cosmo.csp consolidates those into one package with codon-resolved kinetics and post-elongation phases. This tutorial is its analytic-tunnel mode; the explicit coarse-grained ribosome mode is Tutorial 8.

Tutorial 7 — Continuous Synthesis through an analytic tunnel (cosmo-cylinder)¶